Economic Development

Economic Development

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The health of a big, developed country's economy depends largely on its industry. Factories have to keep busy. They must produce and sell their products in large quantities. Shipyards must make and sell ships. Car plants must make and sell cars.  A period of industrial success, when everything goes well and large profits are made, is called a boom. On the other hand a period when there are not much industrial activities is called a slump. To maintain a high level of production is not simple. For example,  Japan very successful industrialized country, has very few natural resources such as oil or coal, and has to import them from other countries in order to keep its industries going, and thus to supply needs at home and also to send its goods to its overseas markets.

   Another important factor in a country's economic health is agriculture. A country which wishes to be self sufficient in food will encourage its farmers to produce as much as possible so that it will not be dependent on food imports. If there is not much rain, dams must be built on rivers to provide water to irrigate the land. If the land is not naturally rich, chemical fertilizers must be used to make it fertile. Then crops (of wheat, rice etc.) will grow, the harvest will be good, and in addition the livestock (cattle, sheep etc.) will have grass to eat. If this does not happen, the agriculture sector of the country's economy will suffer and the country will have to import food from abroad.

1. In a period of economic slump ………

a.       industrial activities are reduced

b.       large profits arc made

c.       there would be no sources

d.       production increases

2. According to the passage successful countries such as Japan needn't have………

      a. a lot of natural resources              b. car plants

      c. shipyards                                                d. overseas markets

3. The word them underlined in the passage refers to...........

      a. natural resources.            b. Industrial activities

      c. profits                              d. oil or coal

4. In order to keep its industries alive and active, Japan...........

a.       has to sell a lot of cars

b.       must import natural resources

c.       must keep its natural resources

d.       has to supply its needs

5. According to the passage, Japan is poor in................

       a. fossil fuel                       b. industry

       c. profit                              d. finding markets